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Drikung Kagyü or Drigung Kagyü (Wylie: 'bri-gung bka'-brgyud) is one of the eight "minor" lineages of the school of . "Major" here refers to those Kagyü lineages founded by the immediate disciples of (1079-1153), while "minor" refers to all the lineages founded by disciples of Gampopa's main disciple, Phagmo Drupa (1110-1170). One of these disciples, Jigten Sumgön (1143-1217), is the founder of Drikung.

History
Like with all other lineages, origins of Drikung Kagyü can be traced back to the Great Indian Master who passed on his teachings to Mahasiddha who lived around 10th and 11th century. The founder of the Drikung Kagyü lineage was Jigten Sumgön (1143-1217) of the Kyura clan, who was the disciple of Phagmo Drupa. According to historical account from the time, Jigten Sumgön's teachings attracted more than 100,000 people at a time, with the highest number of attendance recorded at 130,000.
(2026). 9781611800708, Snow Lion.

Several sub-schools branched off from the Drikung Kagyü including the Lhapa or Lhanangpa Kagyü, founded by Nö Lhanangpa (, 1164–1224) who came to Bhutan in 1194. This school was at one time important in Western Bhutan, particularly in the and regions, where they were rivals of the Drukpa Kagyü. The Lhapa first came into conflict with the early Drukpa teacher, Phajo Drugom Zhigpo (b. 12th century) see: Dargye and Sørensen (2001) pp.ix–x, 34–36, 41–46 and finally with (1594–1651). In 1640 the remaining followers of the Lhapa Kagyü were expelled from Bhutan together with the Nenyingpa followers as both had sided with the attacking forces against the Drukpa during their three invasions of Bhutan and continued to refuse to acknowledge the authority of the Shabdrung.Dorje, Sangay and Kinga (2008) pp.146–7.

Teaching and practice
The unique doctrines of Drikung Kagyü as taught by its founder, Jigten Sumgön is preserved in the "Single Intention" or "One Thought" ( , Wylie: dgongs gcig) For the Gongchig see the blog by Jan-Ulrich Sobisch (Copenhagen University) dgongs1.com. and "The Essence of Mahāyāna Teachings" (Wylie: theg chen bstan pa'i snying po). According to Jampa MacKenzie Stewart, the Gonchik "recasts Buddhism in a fascinating and innovative form, emphasizing each aspect as being capable of revealing the full process of enlightenment."Steward, Jampa MacKenzie (2004), The Life of Gampopa, Shambhala, p. 130.

The main practices of Drikung Kagyü are “The Five-fold Profound Path of ,” and “The Six Dharmas of Nāropa.” The five-fold Mahamudrā, also known as the "possessing five", consists of five elements:Drikung Kyabgon Chetsang Rinpoche (2009), The Practice of Mahamudra, Shambhala, pp. 11-12.

  • Setting the motivation, arousing ,
  • , generating the Yidam. The main deity in Drikung is Chakrasamvara (in union with consort Vajravarahi), but taught this method by using Chenrezig.
  • Mahamudrā meditation ( and Vipasyana)
  • Dedication of merit.

This practice is traditionally cultivated in retreat alongside the Six Dharmas of Naropa, and it is preceded by the preliminary practices called ngondro.Drikung Kyabgon Chetsang Rinpoche (2009), The Practice of Mahamudra, Shambhala, pp. 13-14.

This presentation is outlined in Clarifying the Jewel Rosary of the Profound Five-Fold Path by Kunga Rinchen, the Dharma heir to Jigten Sumgön.

The Kagyü also have a tradition of teachings, the Yangzab Dzogchen.Helmut Krasser, Tibetan studies, International Association for Tibetan Studies. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1997 - Tibet (China), page 586 It is based on termas revealed by the Drikung Tertön (hidden treasure revealer), Rinchen Phuntsog in the sixteenth century.

Phowa
The Drikung lineage is popularly known for its development of the practice of , in which a practitioner learns how to expel his/her consciousness or through the posterior fontanelle at the top of the at the moment of death. One of the Six Yogas of Naropa, this practice is said to aid the practitioner in remaining aware through the death experience, thus aiding one in attaining enlightenment in the (the state in between death and the next rebirth) or in achieving a birth conducive to the practice of .

Monasteries and centers
The first and main Drikung Kagyü monastery is Drikung Thil Monastery, A Brief History of the Drikung Kagyü Lineage of Tibetan Buddhism founded in 1179 by Jigten Sumgön approximately 150 kilometers northeast of .

Aside from the Drikung Valley in Ü, the Drikung Kagyu has a strong presence in Nangqên County in what was , in western Tibet (including Kailash), and in . Tsari and Lapchi - two important sacred sites for all Tibetan Buddhists - also have a strong Drikung Kagyu presence. Among the so-called "four major and eight minor" Kagyu lineages, Drikung Kagyu is one of four Kagyu lineages that continue to exist as independent institutions (the other three being the , and ).

Outside of Tibet, the headquarters for the tradition in exile is Jangchubling, located in , in the Indian state of .Gruber, Elmar R., From the Heart of Tibet: The Biography of Drikung Chetsang Rinpoche, the Holder of the Drikung Kagyu Lineage, Shambhala Publications, 2010, Foreword by the Dalai Lama.

Drikung Kagyu is one of the most prominent lineages in where its main monasteries are and Lamayuru, with roughly 50 other monasteries spread across Ladakh region.

A series of Drikung Dharma centers were also founded in the West, a project begun by Drikung Kyabgon Chetsang Rinpoche in 1978.Lewis, James R. The Encyclopedia of Cults, Sects, and New Religions, p. 290.

Lineage notes
Spiritual heads
From the founding of Drikung Thil Monastery in 1179 to the present day, the Drikung Kagyü lineage has been led by a succession of spiritual heads ("throne-holders"). One of the two current heads of the lineage, Drikung Kyabgön Chetsang Rinpoche, His Holiness Drikung Kyabgon Chetsang Rinpoche, Head of the Drikung Kagyü Lineage of Tibetan Buddhism, will visit St. Petersburg September 14-15, 2010 His Holiness Drikung Kyabgon Chetsang Könchok Tenzin Kunzang Thinley Lhundrup (b. 1946),
(2026). 9781590307656, Shambhala.
Synopsis the 37th Drikungpa resides at Drikung Kagyü Institute at Dehra Dun, India. The other head of the Drikung Kagyü Lineage, the 36th Drikungpa, Drikung Kyabgön Chungtsang Rinpoche, Könchok Tenzin Chökyi Nangwa (b. 1942) lives in Lhasa, Tibet. His Holiness Drikung Kyabgon Chungtsang

Female protector
Another unique feature of the Drikung lineage is its female dharmapāla, Achi Chokyi Drolma. The great-grandmother of Jigten Sumgön, Achi Chokyi Drolma she prophesied his birth and vowed to protect those in his lineage. She is unusual in that she is both a female protector and an enlightened that can be taken as an iṣṭadevatā in meditation practice. She is depicted either sitting on a horse or standing with a in her left hand and a in her right hand. Worldly Protector (Buddhist) - Achi Chokyi Drolma Achi's practice became so popular that she has been included in other lineages, such as the .

First nun
In 2002 , an American woman, became the first (a fully ordained Buddhist nun) in the Drikung Kagyü lineage. She is also the first westerner, male or female, to be installed as an abbot in the Drikung Kagyü lineage, having been installed as the abbot of the Vajra Dakini Nunnery (America's first Tibetan Buddhist nunnery, located in Vermont) in 2004. Women Making History

Lineage timeline
Phagmodrupa11101170

Lord Jigten Sumgon1143121711791217

Kenchen Gurawa Tsultrim Dorje1154122112171221

On Rinpoche Sonam Drakpa1187123412211234

Chen-nga Rinpoche Drakpa Jungne1175125512341255

Telo Dorje Drakpa1210127812551278

Thog-khawa Rinchen Senge1226128412781284

Chen-nga tsamchedpa Drakpa Sonam1238128612841286

Dorje Yeshe1223129312861293

Chu-nyipa Dorje Rinchen1278131412931314

Nyer-gyepa Dorje Gyalpo1283135013141350

Nyermyipa Chökyi Gyalpo1335140713501395

Shenyen Dondrup Gyalpo1369142713951427

Dakpo Wang1395According to The Great Kagyu Masters (Gyaltsen, 270) "he went to Five Peaked Mountain in China and achieved the state of immortality."14271428

Chogyal Rinchen Pal Zangpo1421146914281469

Rinchen Chökyi Gyaltsen1449148414691484

Gyalwang Kunga Rinchen1475152714841527

Gyalwang Rinchen Phuntsok1509155715271534

Rinchen Namgyal Chodak Gyaltsen1527157015651570

Chokyi Namgyal1557157915701579

Tsungme Chogyal Phuntsok1547160215791602

Naro Nyipa Tashi Phuntsok1574162816021615

Jetsǖn Könchog Rinchen (1st Chetsang) A Brief History of the Drikung Kagyu"A system of two lineage holders was established, that of the elder (Chetsang) and the younger (Chungtsang) brother." They aren't considered brothers by blood, but by lineage. Chetsang Rinpoche is considered an emanation of Chenrezig.1580165416151626

Kunkhyen Chökyi Dragpa (1st Chungtsang) Chungtsang Rinpoche is considered the emanation of both Padmasambhava and Manjushri. Also, one of the Drikung Kyabgŏns.1595165916261659

Könchog trinley Sangpo (Chetsang)1656171816591718

Trinley Dondrub Chogyal (Chungtsang)1704175417041754

Kônchog Tenzin Drodul (Chetsang)1724176617241766

Könchog Tenzin Chökyi Nyima (Chuntsang)1755179217551792

Tenzin Padme Gyaltsen (Chetsang)1770182617701826

Tenzin Chöwang Lodrô (Regent) 18261827

Jetsǖn Chonyi Norbu (Chungtsang)1827186518271865

Könchog Thukie Nyima (Chetsang)1828188118281881

Könchog Tenzin Chôkyi Lodrö (Chungtsang)1868190618681906

Könchog Tenzin Zhiwe Lodrö (Chetsang)1886194318861943

Tenzin Chökyi Jungme (Chungtsang)1909194019091940

Tenzin Thuben Wangpo (Regent) 19401942

Tenzin Chökyi Nangwa (Chungtsang)1942 1942

Könchog Tenzin Kunzang Thinley Lhundrup (Chetsang)1946 1946
Gyaltsen, Khenpo Könchog, Edited by Victoria Huckenpahler. The Great Kagyu Master: The Golden Lineage Treasury. Snow Lion Publications, 2006 2nd Edition.

Further reading
External links

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